R
從 SEC.gov 自動導入 XBRL 格式的 10-Q 和 10-K 語句
我想從 SEC 網站自動讀取 XBRL 格式的財務報表。
例如來自 Apple 的 10-Q 文件： http ://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/320193/000119312515259935/aapl-20150627.xml
對於 XBRL 數據的轉換，我想使用 R 包 XBRL。
問題：
- SEC的文件名稱和網址是否標準化，以便我可以在工作中自動下載文件？還是我還需要在完整索引中查找網路地址（請參閱使用 SEC 文件結構的自動 10-K XBRL 數據抓取）？
- XBRL 標籤是否以這種方式與 10-Q /10-K 要求相結合，是標準化的，我可以期待標準化的標籤嗎？尤其是不是第一家公司標籤“銷售成本”，下一家公司“COGS”和第三家公司“收入成本”。
- 10-Q文件的時間段是標準化的3個月嗎？
- 10-Q 和 10-K 中有多少是 XBRL 格式的文件（大約百分比）？
- 是否有類似 XBRL 定義的東西在某處可用？申請時
inst <-“ http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/320193/000119312515259935/aapl-20150627.xml ”
aapl_10q=xbrlDoAll（inst，詳細=真）
str(aapl_10q)
出現了這麼多奇怪的數據！
十條
- 沒有標準。公司可以隨意命名欄位。至少它似乎是可以容忍的。
- 我不了解 XBRL，但它可能會幫助您了解在送出的html版本的財務報表中，您可以通過查看表格單元格標籤中的欄位名稱來了解哪些行符合 GAAP。所有這些都以 gaap 開頭
gaap_costOfGoodsSold。但這僅適用於 2011 年左右之後的報告。幸運的是，GAAP 的命名似乎在各公司之間是一致的。
首先，您不需要閱讀/解析 XBRL 格式的財務報表。
存在
getFundamentals(ticker)由包 eodhistoricaldata-api ( https://www.npmjs.com/package/eodhistoricaldata-api ) 提供的方法。圖書館返回季度（和年度）財務報表（損益表、資產負債表和現金流量表）。數據是標準化的，並以 JSON 格式提供。
例如：
"Highlights": { "MarketCapitalization": 54915055616, "MarketCapitalizationMln": "54915.0556", "EBITDA": 616286976, "PERatio": null, "PEGRatio": "-1.5700", "WallStreetTargetPrice": "321.8900", "BookValue": "26.2790", "DividendShare": null, "DividendYield": null, "EarningsShare": "-4.8500", "EPSEstimateCurrentYear": "-6.5600", "EPSEstimateNextYear": "-2.0000", "EPSEstimateNextQuarter": "-1.6700", "MostRecentQuarter": "2018-09-30", "ProfitMargin": "-0.1022", "OperatingMarginTTM": "-0.0710", "ReturnOnAssetsTTM": "-0.0271", "ReturnOnEquityTTM": "-0.3397", "RevenueTTM": "17523644416.00", "RevenuePerShareTTM": "103.3240", "QuarterlyRevenueGrowthYOY": "1.2860", "GrossProfitTTM": "2222487000.00", "DilutedEpsTTM": "-10.5600", "QuarterlyEarningsGrowthYOY": null }, // ... "Income_Statement": { "currency_symbol": "USD", "quarterly": { "2018-09-30": { "date": "2018-09-30", "filing_date": "2018-11-02", "researchDevelopment": "350848000.00", "effectOfAccountingCharges": null, "incomeBeforeTax": "271320000.00", "minorityInterest": "1344731000.00", "netIncome": "311516000.00", "sellingGeneralAdministrative": "729876000.00", "grossProfit": "1523665000.00", "ebit": "442941000.00", "operatingIncome": "442941000.00", "otherOperatingExpenses": null, "interestExpense": "-169858000.00", "extraordinaryItems": null, "nonRecurring": null, "otherItems": null, "incomeTaxExpense": "16647000.00", "totalRevenue": "6824413000.00", "totalOperatingExpenses": "6381472000.00", "costOfRevenue": "5300748000.00", "totalOtherIncomeExpenseNet": "-171621000.00", "discontinuedOperations": null, "netIncomeFromContinuingOps": "254673000.00", "netIncomeApplicableToCommonShares": "311516000.00" }, // ... "Balance_Sheet": { "currency_symbol": "USD", "quarterly": { "2018-09-30": { "date": "2018-09-30", "filing_date": "2018-11-02", "intangibleAssets": "291476000.00", "totalLiab": "23409144000.00", "totalStockholderEquity": "4508838000.00", "deferredLongTermLiab": "0.00", "otherCurrentLiab": "2266778000.00", "totalAssets": "29262713000.00", "commonStock": "171000.00", "otherCurrentAssets": "158627000.00", "retainedEarnings": "-5457315000.00", "otherLiab": "2285172000.00", "goodWill": "65226000.00", "otherAssets": "1233979000.00", "cash": "2967504000.00", "totalCurrentLiabilities": "9775324000.00", "shortLongTermDebt": "2106538000.00", "otherStockholderEquity": "8271000.00", "propertyPlantEquipment": "19733969000.00", "totalCurrentAssets": "7920491000.00", "longTermInvestments": "17572000.00", "netTangibleAssets": "4152136000.00", "shortTermInvestments": "0.00", "netReceivables": "1155001000.00", "longTermDebt": "9726589000.00", "inventory": "3314127000.00", "accountsPayable": "3596984000.00", "totalPermanentEquity": "0.00", "noncontrollingInterestInConsolidatedEntity": "0.00", "temporaryEquityRedeemableNoncontrollingInterests": "0.00", "accumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncome": "0.00", "additionalPaidInCapital": "0.00", "commonStockTotalEquity": "0.00", "preferredStockTotalEquity": "0.00", "retainedEarningsTotalEquity": "0.00", "treasuryStock": "0.00" }, // ... "Cash_Flow": { "currency_symbol": "USD", "quarterly": { "2018-09-30": { "date": "2018-09-30", "filing_date": "2018-11-02", "investments": null, "changeToLiabilities": "895197000.00", "totalCashflowsFromInvestingActivities": "-560965000.00", "netBorrowings": "-221931000.00", "totalCashFromFinancingActivities": "-84218000.00", "changeToOperatingActivities": "98770000.00", "netIncome": "311516000.00", "changeInCash": "739728000.00", "totalCashFromOperatingActivities": "1391281000.00", "depreciation": "502825000.00", "otherCashflowsFromInvestingActivities": "128600000.00", "dividendsPaid": "0.00", "changeToInventory": "-55055000.00", "changeToAccountReceivables": "-587594000.00", "salePurchaseOfStock": "0.00", "otherCashflowsFromFinancingActivities": "42839000.00", "changeToNetincome": "179168000.00", "capitalExpenditures": "-559765000.00" },該包支持客戶端（React、React Native、Angular、Vue 等）和伺服器端（Node.js 等）JavaScript。